California is home to nearly 50 native snake species, including 7 rattlesnake species, making rattlesnake bites a serious issue for San Mateo pets. The region’s warm climate and natural habitats make the environment ideal for rattlesnakes, particularly during the warmer months. 

As a pet owner, you need to be able to identify these snakes, recognize your pet’s poisoning signs, and know what to do if they are bitten. Our Omega Veterinary Group team provides you with essential information to help you protect your furry friend from this dangerous threat.

Keeping pets safe from rattlesnakes in San Mateo

San Mateo is home to the northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus oreganus), a western rattlesnake subspecies. Being able to recognize this snake can help you avoid encounters and take appropriate precautions. Identify the northern Pacific rattlesnake through the following characteristics:

  • Color and pattern — Typically brown or grey, with darker diamond or hexagonal patterns along their back. This rattlesnake subspecies’ coloring helps them blend into their natural surroundings.
  • Head shape — These snakes have a distinct triangular-shaped head, which is broader than their neck.    
  • Rattle — At the end of their tail, they have a series of interlocking segments that produce a rattling sound when vibrated. This is their most distinguishing feature and a clear warning sign of their presence.
  • Eyes — Rattlesnakes have vertical, elliptical pupils, similar to those of a cat, rather than round pupils.

Northern Pacific rattlesnakes commonly inhabit rocky areas, grasslands, and wooded regions. In San Mateo, they may be encountered in parks, hiking trails, and suburban backyards. Rattlesnakes are most active during the warmer months, typically from April to October. They are primarily active during the early morning and late afternoon but may also be encountered at night during hot weather.

Rattlesnake bite signs in pets

If your pet is bitten by a rattlesnake, quick identification and response are crucial. Rattlesnake poisoning signs to watch for include:

  • Swelling and bruising — Rapid swelling around the bite area is common, and is often accompanied by bruising.
  • Pain and distress — Your pet may yelp, whimper, or show severe pain signs.
  • Puncture wounds — Look for one or two puncture marks, which may be bleeding.
  • Weakness and lethargy — When the rattlesnake venom spreads through their body, your pet is likely to become weak, lethargic, and disoriented.
  • Drooling and vomiting — Excessive drooling and vomiting can occur as the venom affects your pet’s system.
  • Labored breathing — Difficulty breathing or rapid, shallow breaths may indicate a severe reaction.
  • Collapse — In severe cases, pets may collapse or experience seizures.

What to do if your pet is bitten by a rattlesnake

A rattlesnake’s venom can quickly spread through your pet’s bloodstream, rapidly causing a life-threatening condition. If you suspect your pet has been bitten by a rattlesnake, immediately follow these tips:

  • Keep calm — Try to remain calm to avoid further distressing your pet.
  • Immobilize your pet — Keep your pet as still as possible to prevent the venom from spreading. Carry your pet if necessary.
  • Seek veterinary care — Immediately transport your pet to the nearest veterinary hospital or Omega Veterinary Group. Time is critical in treating rattlesnake bites.
  • Do not apply ice or a tourniquet — These can worsen the injury. Avoid attempting any first aid measures that could delay getting veterinary care for your pet.

How to protect your pet from rattlesnake bites

Prevention is the best strategy to protect your pet from rattlesnake bites. Reduce your pet’s rattlesnake bite risk by following these tips:

  • Leash your pet — Keep your pet on a leash when walking in areas where rattlesnakes may be present.
  • Avoid high-risk areas — Stay on well-used trails and avoid tall grass, rock piles, and dense underbrush where snakes may hide.
  • Snake-proof your yard — Install snake-proof fencing around your yard, and keep it clear of brush, woodpiles, and tall grass.
  • Train your pet — Train your pet to avoid snakes using positive reinforcement techniques or consider professional rattlesnake aversion training.
  • Stay alert — Be vigilant during the snakes’ active season, especially during early mornings and late afternoons.

Rattlesnake bite poisoning is a serious threat to pets in San Mateo, but with the right knowledge and precautions, you can significantly reduce their risk. Always remain vigilant during rattlesnake season and take preventive measures to keep your furry friend safe. If your pet is bitten, quick and calm action can make all the difference in your pet’s recovery. Give our Omega Veterinary Group team a call if you suspect that your pet has been bitten by a rattlesnake.